Hawthorn - wildlife habitat

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Hawthorn (Crataegus species)

Habitat Management Suggestions for Selected Wildlife Species
By R.J. Mackie, R.F. Batchelor, M.E. Majerus, J.P. Weigand, and V.P. Sundberg

Description:

A tall, deciduous shrub or small tree, 15 to 20 feet in height, found along creeks and valley bottoms throughout the Rocky Mountain region. The plants are best noted for their attractable, dense, compact, early growth form, zigzag twig growth, 1 ½ to 2 inch thorns, and nearly round, bright red fruit. The plants usually bloom in May or early June with abundant white flowers borne in clusters. Many species may be grown, but have not been widely tested.

Adaptation:

Hawthorns thrive best on moderately deep to deep, well drained, porous soils in full sun to partial shade. They are questionably drought tolerant, but display good cold hardiness.

Establishment:

Seedling stock should be one or two years old, with no prior transplantations, and around 16 inches tall. Tha plants should be planted 6 to 8 feet apart to provide optimum density for wildlife.

Management and Care:

There are no known insects that pose a problem. A cedar-apple leaf rust disease causes some disfiguration of leaves, but does not limit the useful performance of this species. The species requires minimal care.

Uses:

The fruit is utilized by song- and game birds, while the plants are used for nesting by doves and songbirds. The foliage and twigs are apparently not preferred food to game animals. The plants have potential for barrier and screening purposes in recreation areas.

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The fruit is utilized by song- and game birds, while the plants are used for nesting by doves and songbirds.